Search results for "Mathematical Functions"

showing 4 items of 4 documents

Dinosaur Metabolism and the Allometry of Maximum Growth Rate

2016

In his 2016 paper, Myhrvold criticized ours from 2014 on maximum growth rates (Gmax, maximum gain in body mass observed within a time unit throughout an individual’s ontogeny) and thermoregulation strategies (ectothermy, endothermy) of 17 dinosaurs. In our paper, we showed that Gmax values of similar-sized extant ectothermic and endothermic vertebrates overlap. This strongly questions a correct assignment of a thermoregulation strategy to a dinosaur only based on its Gmax and (adult) body mass (M). Contrary, Gmax separated similar-sized extant reptiles and birds (Sauropsida) and Gmax values of our studied dinosaurs were similar to those seen in extant similar-sized (if necessary scaled-up) …

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineMetabolic stateMetabolic AnalysisPhysiologylcsh:MedicineAnimal Phylogenetics01 natural sciencesBody TemperatureDinosaursMathematical and Statistical TechniquesExtant taxonMedicine and Health SciencesBody SizeGrowth ratelcsh:Sciencemedia_commonArchosauriaData ManagementMammalsMultidisciplinaryEcologyFossilsEukaryotaRegression analysisPrehistoric AnimalshumanitiesCurve FittingPhylogeneticsBioassays and Physiological AnalysisPhysiological ParametersEctothermPhysical SciencesVertebratesRegression AnalysisStatistics (Mathematics)Research ArticleComputer and Information Sciencesmedia_common.quotation_subjectVertebrate PaleontologyBiologyResearch and Analysis Methods010603 evolutionary biologyMarsupialsFormal CommentBirds03 medical and health sciencesBasal Metabolic Rate MeasurementAnimalsEvolutionary SystematicsStatistical MethodsPaleozoologyTaxonomyEvolutionary BiologyVariableslcsh:ROrganismsReptilesBiology and Life SciencesPaleontology030104 developmental biologyEvolutionary biologyBasal metabolic rateAmniotesEarth Scienceslcsh:QAllometryPaleobiologyEnergy MetabolismZoologyMathematical FunctionsMathematicsPLoS ONE
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Measuring spectrally-resolved information transfer.

2020

Information transfer, measured by transfer entropy, is a key component of distributed computation. It is therefore important to understand the pattern of information transfer in order to unravel the distributed computational algorithms of a system. Since in many natural systems distributed computation is thought to rely on rhythmic processes a frequency resolved measure of information transfer is highly desirable. Here, we present a novel algorithm, and its efficient implementation, to identify separately frequencies sending and receiving information in a network. Our approach relies on the invertible maximum overlap discrete wavelet transform (MODWT) for the creation of surrogate data in t…

0301 basic medicineDiscrete wavelet transformInformation transferComputer scienceEntropyInformation Theory0302 clinical medicineWaveletMathematical and Statistical TechniquesMedicine and Health SciencesBiology (General)Wavelet TransformsTemporal cortexMammalsEcologySystems BiologyApplied MathematicsSimulation and ModelingPhysicsWavelet transformMagnetoencephalographyEukaryotaBrainSignal FilteringComputational Theory and MathematicsModeling and SimulationPhysical SciencesVertebratesThermodynamicsEngineering and TechnologyWavelet transforms ; Algorithms ; Magnetoencephalography ; Information entropy ; Signal filtering ; Ferrets ; Permutation ; EntropyAnatomyAlgorithmInformation EntropyAlgorithmsResearch ArticleComputer and Information SciencesQH301-705.5PermutationWavelet AnalysisPrefrontal CortexResearch and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceGeneticsEntropy (information theory)AnimalsHumansInformation flow (information theory)Molecular BiologyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsDiscrete MathematicsFerretsOrganismsBiology and Life Sciences030104 developmental biologyCombinatoricsSignal ProcessingAmniotesTransfer entropyZoologyMathematical Functions030217 neurology & neurosurgeryMathematicsPLoS computational biology
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A Bayesian unified framework for risk estimation and cluster identification in small area health data analysis.

2020

Many statistical models have been proposed to analyse small area disease data with the aim of describing spatial variation in disease risk. In this paper, we propose a Bayesian hierarchical model that simultaneously allows for risk estimation and cluster identification. Our model formulation assumes that there is an unknown number of risk classes and small areas are assigned to a risk class by means of independent allocation variables. Therefore, areas within each cluster are assumed to share a common risk but they may be geographically separated. The posterior distribution of the parameter representing the number of risk classes is estimated using a novel procedure that combines its prior …

Computer scienceEpidemiologyPathology and Laboratory Medicine01 natural sciencesGeographical locations010104 statistics & probabilityChickenpoxMathematical and Statistical TechniquesStatisticsMedicine and Health SciencesPublic and Occupational Health0303 health sciencesMultidisciplinarySimulation and ModelingQREuropeIdentification (information)Medical MicrobiologySmall-Area AnalysisViral PathogensVirusesPhysical SciencesMedicinePathogensAlgorithmsResearch ArticleHerpesvirusesScienceBayesian probabilityPosterior probabilityBayesian MethodDisease SurveillanceDisease clusterResearch and Analysis MethodsRisk AssessmentMicrobiologyVaricella Zoster Virus03 medical and health sciencesRisk classPrior probabilityCovariateBayesian hierarchical modelingHumansEuropean Union0101 mathematicsMicrobial Pathogens030304 developmental biologyBiology and life sciencesOrganismsStatistical modelBayes TheoremProbability TheoryProbability DistributionMarginal likelihoodConvolutionSpainPeople and placesDNA virusesMathematical FunctionsMathematicsPloS one
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Optimizing colormaps with consideration for color vision deficiency to enable accurate interpretation of scientific data

2018

Color vision deficiency (CVD) affects more than 4% of the population and leads to a different visual perception of colors. Though this has been known for decades, colormaps with many colors across the visual spectra are often used to represent data, leading to the potential for misinterpretation or difficulty with interpretation by someone with this deficiency. Until the creation of the module presented here, there were no colormaps mathematically optimized for CVD using modern color appearance models. While there have been some attempts to make aesthetically pleasing or subjectively tolerable colormaps for those with CVD, our goal was to make optimized colormaps for the most accurate perce…

FOS: Computer and information sciences0301 basic medicineBrightnessVisual perceptionVisionComputer scienceComputer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)Computer Science - Computer Vision and Pattern Recognitionlcsh:MedicineSocial SciencesColor Vision Defects01 natural sciencesMass SpectrometryAnalytical ChemistrySecondary Ion Mass SpectrometrySpectrum Analysis TechniquesMathematical and Statistical TechniquesPsychologyComputer visionlcsh:ScienceData ProcessingMultidisciplinaryPhysicsClassical MechanicsOther Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)Quantitative Biology - Other Quantitative BiologyChemistryPhysical SciencesRegression AnalysisSensory PerceptionInformation TechnologyStatistics (Mathematics)AlgorithmsColor PerceptionResearch ArticleComputer and Information SciencesColor visionColorFluid MechanicsLinear Regression AnalysisColor spaceResearch and Analysis MethodsContinuum Mechanics010309 optics03 medical and health sciencesSine Waves0103 physical sciencesHumansStatistical MethodsFluid FlowVision OcularHueColor Visionbusiness.industrylcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesFluid Dynamics030104 developmental biologyFOS: Biological scienceslcsh:QArtificial intelligencebusinessMathematical FunctionsMathematicsPhotic StimulationSoftwareNeurosciencePLOS ONE
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